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Gallery|Conflict

Thai-Cambodian border dispute escalates with deadly clashes

Deadly exchanges continue along Thai-Cambodian border, with accusations fuelling a growing diplomatic crisis.

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Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Cambodian soldiers reload the BM-21 multiple rocket launcher in Preah Vihear province. [AFP]
Published On 24 Jul 202524 Jul 2025

Deadly clashes erupted along the Thai-Cambodian border, killing at least 11 civilians and one soldier, all on the Thailand side, as a diplomatic crisis deepens between the Southeast Asian neighbours.

Violence intensified on Thursday when both nations exchanged gunfire, with accusations of who initiated the fighting. Diplomatic ties have severely deteriorated since Wednesday, leading Thailand to seal all land border crossings with Cambodia.

The situation has been worsening since a May confrontation that killed one Cambodian soldier, with nationalist sentiments inflaming tensions on both sides.

Thai military sources reported the heaviest casualties in Si Sa Ket province, where six people died during an attack on a petrol station. At least 14 others sustained injuries across three border provinces.

The fighting escalated as Thai forces launched air attacks against Cambodian military positions, while Cambodia reported Thai jets bombing a road near the historic Preah Vihear temple.

Thai Ministry of Defence spokesperson Surasant Kongsiri confirmed ongoing fighting in at least six border areas. Thursday’s initial clash occurred near the ancient Ta Muen Thom Temple on the border between Thailand’s Surin province and Cambodia’s Oddar Meanchey province.

Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet declared that while his nation has consistently pursued peaceful solutions, “we have no choice but to respond with armed force against armed aggression”.

Earlier on Thursday, Cambodia downgraded diplomatic relations with Thailand to their lowest level, expelling the Thai ambassador and recalling all Cambodian embassy staff from Bangkok. This action followed Thailand’s withdrawal of its ambassador and expulsion of the Cambodian ambassador on Wednesday in protest of a landmine explosion that injured five Thai soldiers.

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Regarding Thursday’s initial confrontation, the Thai army reported that it detected an unmanned aerial vehicle before spotting six armed Cambodian soldiers approaching Thailand’s position. Despite Thai soldiers’ verbal attempts to defuse the situation, the Cambodian forces allegedly opened fire first.

Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Thai people who fled clashes between Thai and Cambodian forces take shelter in Surin province, northeastern Thailand. [Sunny Chittawil/AP Photo]
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Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Blood stains in front of a house damaged by a rocket attack in Surin province's Kap Choeng district, Thailand. [Royal Thai Army via AFP]
Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Smoke rises from PTT gas station area at Ban Phue, Nong Ya Lat subdistrict, as at least five people were killed after Cambodian artillery struck a convenience store located at a petrol station in Thailand’s Sisaket border province. [Royal Thai Army via Anadolu]
Cambodian soldiers look at people evacuate from along the Cambodia-Thailand border
Cambodian soldiers look at people evacuating along the Cambodia-Thailand border after troops exchanged fire in a new round of clashes in Preah Vihear province. [AFP]
Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Border disputes are longstanding issues that have caused periodic tensions between the countries. The most prominent and violent conflicts have been around the 1,000-year-old Preah Vihear temple. [Royal Thai Army via Anadolu]
Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
Thai people who fled clashes between Thai and Cambodian soldiers take shelter in Surin, northeastern Thailand. [Sunny Chittawil/AP Photo]
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Thai-Cambodian border conflict escalates with deadly airstrikes
The border dispute has also caused political fallout in Thailand, where the prime minister was suspended from office and is likely to face investigation for possible ethics violations. [Royal Thai Army via Anadolu]

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